[168][169]) Cavendish Bridge was itself damaged beyond repair by a flood in March 1947, requiring a temporary Bailey bridge to be used until a new concrete span was constructed in 1957. [94], The aim of the improvements was to increase the minimum depth from 2 feet (0.6m) to 3 feet (0.9m). [11], At Shardlow, where the Trent and Mersey Canal begins, the river also meets the Derwent at Derwent Mouth. [80] The vulnerable flood bank at Spalford was breached again, floodwaters spreading out across the low-lying land, even reaching the River Witham and flooding Lincoln. John Jennings MP for Burton-upon-Trent, 1956. [77], Early bridges were vulnerable to floods, and in 1309 many bridges were washed away or damaged by severe winter floods, including Hethbeth Bridge. Though the river is no doubt legally still navigable above Shardlow, it is probable that the agreement marks the end of the use of that stretch of the river as a commercial navigation. Associated British Ports, the navigation authority for the river from Gainsborough to Trent Falls, insist that anyone in charge of a boat must be experienced at navigating in tidal waters. The catchment is located between the drainage basins of the Severn and its tributary the Avon to the south and west, the Weaver to the north-west, the tributaries of the Yorkshire Ouse to the North and the basins of the Welland, Witham and Ancholme to the east. [119], From the 1960s onwards, there were gradual but steady improvements to the inadequate sewage works and sewers built during the Victorian era in the urban areas, but this was expensive, and took time to complete. Up to 0.3 metres (1ft) of deposition could occur in a single season, and depths of 1.5 metres (5ft) have been accumulated over time at some locations. The majority of these urban areas are in the upper reaches of either the Trent itself, as is the case with Stoke, or its tributaries. [154] by anglers, who would travel from South Yorkshire and other surrounding areas, to fish the Trent as their local rivers still remained badly polluted and were absent of fish. The current state of knowledge and proposals for future research", "Cavendish Bridge Conservation Area Appraisal and Study", "Coal-Fired Power Plants in East England & the Midlands", "Strategic Priorities for Water Related Recreation in the Midlands", "Burton-upon-Trent: Social and cultural activities", "Tom Milner swims 139 miles in nine days", "Tom Milner completes River Trent Challenge", "National Water Sports Centre About Us", "Report on the investigation of Nottingham Princess striking Trent Bridge Nottingham", "Water Framework Directive Surface Water Classification Status and Objectives 2012 csv file", Photographs along the Trent in Nottingham from Nottingham21, Predictive Modelling of Multi-Period Geoarchaeological Resources at a River Confluence. Burton upon Trent. The variation in these factors is also reflected in the contrasting runoff characteristics and subsequent inflows of the principal tributaries. DETROIT (AP) Nissan is recalling more than 809,000 small SUVs in the U.S. and Canada because a key problem can cause the ignition to shut off while they're being driven. [29][30], A distinctive feature of the catchment is the marked variation in the topography and character of the landscape, which varies from the upland moorland headwaters of the Dark Peak, where the highest point of the catchment is the Kinder Scout plateau at 634 metres (2,080ft); through to the intensively farmed and drained flat fenland areas that exist alongside the lower tidal reaches, where ground levels can equal sea level. Write by: . There is a canoe slalom course at Stone, a purpose built 700m (2,300ft) artificial course at Holme Pierrepont, and various weirs including those at Newark and Sawley are all used for whitewater paddling. Sir Ernest Jardine, who as vice-chairman had partly funded the first lock at Cromwell in 1908, died in 1947, and the company ceased to exist in 1948 when the waterways were nationalised. At this point the River Sow joins it from Stafford. konstantin guericke net worth; xaverian brothers high school nfl players; how is the correct gene added to the cells; hong kong supermarket flyer calgary; ben fogle: new lives in the wild do they get paid; The River Trent is the third-longest river in the United Kingdom. Historical archives often record details of the bridge repairs that followed floods, as the cost of these repairs or pontage had to be raised by borrowing money and charging a local toll. [157], Recreational fishing is still popular, although anglers no longer line the banks as they once did. Domestic effluent and polluting discharges from the metal working industries in the upper reaches, combined to affect the whole length of the tributary River Tame. Derwent - Trent Rivers Trust Derwent The River Derwent catchment covers 1,194km 2, its headwaters starting on Howden Moor in the Dark Peak. Key information about Oxford, Royal Windsor, London and Southend and all the other towns 200+ miles along the River Thames. key towns of river bann. Although not quite as large as 1795 this flood devastated many places along the river, at Burton upon Trent much of the town was inundated, with flooded streets and houses, and dead animals floating past in the flood. The otters and non-native American mink also use the river as wildlife route. The River Trent was a major working river until after the Second World War. [155], Analysis of catch returns from 1969 to 1985, showed that the fish caught most often by anglers were barbel, bream, bleak, carp, chub, dace, eel, gudgeon, perch, and roach. There are many fishing clubs that use the river, with catches including barbel, bream, carp, chub, dace, pike, and roach. Efird Companies began in 1965 as the original developer of the Town of River Bend in . It meanders almost 190 miles through this Futurescape, from the Tame in the heart of the Midlands to the Humber. At Stoke-on-Trent in the upper reaches, the average flow is only 0.6m3/s (21cuft/s), which increases considerably to 4.4m3/s (160cuft/s), at Great Haywood, as it includes the flow of the upper tributaries draining the Potteries conurbation. Other changes, such as the replacement of town gas with natural gas, saw the end of the polluting and toxic coal tar emissions to rivers in 1963. [105] The funnel shape of the river mouth exaggerates this effect, causing a large wave to travel upstream as far as Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, and sometimes beyond. Built as an abbey church, it has a Norman nucleus as well as touches Tip by Amy Bookmark Take Me There OSM 2 Shrewsbury Abbey [34] To bring clean water to the West Midlands, Birmingham Corporation created a large reservoir chain and aqueduct system to bring water from the Elan Valley. [13][14][15] At West Stockwith the Trent is joined by the Chesterfield Canal and the River Idle and soon after enters Lincolnshire fully, passing to the west of Scunthorpe. Whilst this is not unique for an English river, it does mean that there is an ongoing legacy of issues relating to urban runoff, pollution incidents, and effluent dilution from sewage treatment, industry and coal mining. [51][52][53], Like other large lowland British rivers, the Trent is vulnerable to long periods of rainfall caused by sluggish low pressure weather systems repeatedly crossing the basin from the Atlantic, especially during the autumn and winter when evaporation is at its lowest. And cuts me from the best of all my land [57][84][85] Two days later, in the lower tidal reaches of the river, the peak of the flood combined with a high spring tide to flood villages and 2,000 properties in Gainsborough. Open water swimming still takes place at locations including Colwick Park Lake adjacent to the river, with its own voluntary lifeguards. [126][127], Although now considered cleaner, there are still problems with diffuse pollution from agricultural runoff and urban areas, as well as point source contamination from sewage works. Welsh rhyd, "ford") in various place names along the Trent, such as Hill Ridware, as well as the Old Englishderived ford. It shall not wind with such a deep indent, [11] To the north-east of Burton the river is joined by the River Dove at Newton Solney and enters Derbyshire, before passing between the villages of Willington and Repton where it turns directly east to reach Swarkestone Bridge. The work was completed by September 1787, and dividends of 5 per cent were paid on the capital during 1786 and 1787, increasing to 7 per cent, the maximum allowed by the Act, after that. In 2000 similar conditions occurred again, with above average rainfall in the autumn being followed by further rainfall, producing flood conditions in November of that year. The engineer for the Manchester Ship Canal, Sir Edward Leader Williams, was commissioned to survey the river, while negotiations with the North Staffordshire Railway, who owned the Trent and Mersey Canal and had maintained its viability, ensured that some of the clauses from previous Acts of Parliament did not prevent progress. [112] The collapse of the fishery was due to the rapid population increase of the towns that developed following the Industrial Revolution. [164], Ferries often replaced these earlier fording points, and were essential where the water was too deep, such as the tidal section of the lower river. The medieval bridges of Burton and Nottingham survived relatively intact until the 1860s, when both were replaced and demolished. The programme of monitoring also extended to taking biological samples, and one of the first biotic indices used for assessing the ecological rather than the chemical quality of rivers was developed by the local river board in the 1960s. [67][68] Polluting substances such as ammonia showed a reduction, as did the biochemical oxygen demand, an indicator of the contamination present in the river. The second and third largest are the Derwent and the Dove respectively; together these two rivers drain the majority of Derbyshire and Staffordshire, including the upland areas of the Peak District. [7] This may indeed indicate a river that is prone to flooding. Underlying the upper reaches of the Trent, are formations of Millstone Grit and Carboniferous Coal Measures which include layers of sandstones, marls and coal seams. At certain times of the year, the lower tidal reaches of the Trent experience a moderately large tidal bore (up to 5 feet [1.5m] high), commonly known as the Trent Aegir (named after the Norse sea god). Downstream of Burton upon Trent, the river increasingly trends northwards, cutting off a portion of Nottinghamshire and nearly all of Lincolnshire from his share, north of the Trent. (Until the late 18th century, a long period of stagnation for economic and technical reasons limited the number of bridges over the Trent; it has been noted that relatively few bridges were constructed in England on new sites anywhere between around 12501300 and 1750. [132][133] It forms part of the Severn-Trent flyway, a route used by migratory birds to cross Great Britain. [98][99], Down river of Shardlow, the non-tidal river is navigable as far as the Cromwell Lock near Newark, except in Nottingham (Beeston Cut & Nottingham Canal) and just west of Nottingham, where there are two lengths of canal, Sawley and Cranfleet cuts. Commercial carrying above Nottingham ceased during the 1950s, to be replaced by pleasure cruising. Together these contain the majority of the 6 million people who live in the catchment.[29]. [154], By the 1970s the Trent was regarded as 'one of the most productive rivers in the British Isles'. Large parts of the city and surrounding areas were flooded with 9,000 properties and nearly a hundred industrial premises affected some to first floor height. [89], In 1748, merchants from Nottingham attempted to end this monopoly by landing goods on the banks and into carts, but Fosbrooke used his ferry rope to block the river, and then created a bridge by mooring boats across the channel, and employing men to defend them. In order to retain control of the whole river, they supported the inclusion of the Beeston Cut in the bill for the Nottingham Canal, which prevented the Erewash Canal company from getting permission to build it, and then had the proposal removed from the Nottingham Canal company's bill in return for their support of the main bill. Facts about the River Trent 5: the native and migrant species. It flows through and drains the North Midlands. [115], The Tame pollution also reached the Trent as well, with one of the worse affected reaches being that downstream of the confluence with the Tame through Burton, this being exacerbated by its late introduction of sewage treatment, and the substantial wastewater arising from the breweries in the town. Later, in 1699, the baron William Paget (Lord Paget), who owned coal mines and land in the area, obtained an Act of Parliament to extend navigation up to Fleetstones Bridge, Burton, despite opposition from the people of Nottingham. However, for practical purposes, navigation above the southern terminus of the Trent and Mersey Canal (at Shardlow) is conducted on the canal, rather than on the river itself. [69][70][71], In the lower tidal reaches the Trent has a high sediment load, this fine silt which is also known as warp', was used to improve the soil by a process known as warping, whereby river water was allowed to flood into adjacent fields through a series of warping drains, enabling the silt to settle out across the land. One effect of this pollution was that the upper and middle reaches were completely devoid of any fish life.[115]. [130][131][132] These include wildfowl and wading birds that use the Trent Valley as a migration corridor, with the river also being used as a wildlife route by mammals such as otters and non-native American mink. [154] This led to comments that the river had become too clean for its fish, and its popularity, especially for match fishing, declined from the mid 1980s. [73][74], The Trent is widely known for its tendency to cause significant flooding along its course, and there is a well documented flood history extending back for some 900 years. A survey in 2003 showed a doubling in the number of sites where evidence, such as spraints and footprints of these elusive animals were found. Historically, these issues resulted in a considerable deterioration in the water quality of both the Trent and its tributaries, especially the Tame. The flood marks at Girton show that this flood was only 4 inches (100mm) lower than that of 1795, when the village was flooded to a depth of 3 feet (0.91m). Failure to raise much of the capital resulted in another Act being obtained in 1887, with similar aims and similar results. [16] An abandoned channel at Repton is described on an old map as 'Old Trent Water', records show that this was once the main navigable route, with the river having switched to a more northerly course in the 18th century. [177][179], The three largest remaining coal-fired stations at Ratcliffe, Cottam and West Burton still use domestic coal supplies, although this is now being replaced by imported coal brought by ship from abroad. [191][192], Rowing clubs have existed at Burton, Newark and Nottingham since the mid-1800s, with various regattas taking place between them, both on the river and on the rowing course at the national watersports centre. [28], The Trent basin covers a large part of the Midlands, and includes the majority of the counties of Staffordshire, Derbyshire, Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire and the West Midlands; but also includes parts of Lincolnshire, South Yorkshire, Warwickshire and Rutland. The last point of measurement is North Muskham here the average flow is 88.4m3/s (3,120cuft/s), a relatively small increase due to the input of the Devon, and other smaller Nottinghamshire tributaries. [119], John Jennings, the local MP for Burton highlighted these problems in a speech to the House when he stated in 1956, that as in previous years the river had been declared unsafe for swimming on advice from the medical officer, and how its unhealthy condition affected a local rowing club. The Aegir cannot travel much beyond Gainsborough as the shape of the river reduces the Aegir to little more than a ripple, and weirs north of Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire, stop its path completely. [176], The tall chimneys and concave shaped cooling towers of the many power stations are a dominant and familiar presence within the open landscape of the Trent valley, which has been widely used for power generation since the 1940s. Menu. What is the River Trent used for? [44], During the end of the last Devensian glacial period the formation of Lake Humber in the lowest reaches of the river, meant that substantial lake bed clays and silts were laid down to create the flat landscape of the Humberhead Levels. Henry Hotspur's speech complaining about the river has been linked to the meanders near West Burton,[23] however, given the wider context of the scene, in which conspirators propose to divide England into three after a revolt, it is thought that Hotspur's intentions were of a grander design, diverting the river east towards the Wash such that he would benefit from a much larger share of the divided Kingdom. [24][25] The idea for this scene, may have been based on the disagreement regarding a mill weir near Shelford Manor, between local landowners Gilbert Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, and Sir Thomas Stanhope which culminated with a long diversion channel being dug to bypass the mill. Due to the relatively small size of the Trent and its tributaries such as the Fowlea Brook, which drained these towns, the river and brooks were unable to dilute the inflow of domestic sewage and soon became overwhelmed and badly polluted. The River Tamar is situated in south west England and forms a natural border between the counties of Devon and Cornwall. River Trent through Nottingham. The lowest flows for the river were recorded during the drought of 1976, following the dry winter of 1975/6. The river flows in a southerly direction for fifty miles before reaching it's estuary on the Hamoaze, situated on Plymouth Sound in the English Channel. [166] King Edward fortified the Nottingham bridge in 920, while a notable battle took place at Burton's bridge in 1322, and another in 1643. [56] The river turns north-east where it is joined by its largest tributary, the Tame (which is at this point actually the larger, though its earlier length shorter) and immediately afterwards by the Mease, creating a larger river that now flows through a broad floodplain. Extended in 2012, the route now runs from Trent Lock in the south through to Alkborough where the river meets the Humber. The bridges at Wolseley, Wychnor and the main span at Swarkestone were all destroyed. Navigation can be difficult, and there have been a number of incidents with ships running aground and in one case, striking Keadby Bridge. The last bridge over the river is at Keadby where it is joined by both the Stainforth and Keadby Canal and the River Torne. [43] Another notable find in a related terrace system near Derby from a warmer interglacial period, was the Allenton hippopotamus. 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