[122] Furthermore, negotiations to attain agreement on the "final status" have been interrupted due to outbreak of hostilities. The UN General Assembly had proposed to partition the British Mandate for Palestine into an [citation needed] Later that month as previously threatened, Abbas signed the treaty to join the ICC. Considering the huge political and demographic issues that it would raise, however, it seems an improbable solution to the problem. [48][49] The Palestinian side accepted this as a basis for further negotiation. Give this article while Egypt was the first Arab state to sign a peace treaty with Israel, in 1979. At the Taba summit (at Taba) in January 2001 talks continued based on the Clinton Parameters. Championed by Edward Said and New York University professor Tony Judt, the suggestion aroused both interest and condemnation. Why this new Israeli-Palestinian peace plan deserves attention, Sign up for a weekly roundup of thought-provoking ideas and debates, Israel has angered its closest supporters, Bradley Beal hits season high as Wizards fight to the finish in Atlanta, Caps trade away two more veterans, add young defenseman Rasmus Sandin, Commanders cut Carson Wentz and Bobby McCain, clearing cap space. The key word in the title is confederation. Perhaps the most important proposal in the nearly 100-page document, and the most controversial, is that Israeli settlers in the West Bank be allowed to stay in the Palestinian state. Ukraines military started slashing its Soviet roots long before. In 1991, Israel and the Arab countries directly involved in the ArabIsraeli conflict came to the Madrid Peace Conference, called by US president George H. W. Bush (with the help of Secretary of State James Baker) after the First Gulf War. The response from Husseini, Beilin and their colleagues is to let settlers stay if they wish, as permanent residents of Palestine. [86][87] The plan called for nine months of direct talks followed by a three-year plan for Israel to withdraw to the 1967 lines, leaving East Jerusalem as Palestine's capital. In principle, these proposals could be implemented even without confederal arrangements. Politics When it sinks in that they will be members of a minority in an Arab state, they will want to return to the Jewish state. Some difficulties with past peace processes. let alone encouraged a resumption of Israeli Delivered Monday-Friday. The plan by former officials will be By signing up, I agree to the Privacy Policy and Terms of Use and to occasionally receive special offers from Foreign Policy. [1] Since the 1970s, there has been a parallel effort made to find terms upon which peace can be agreed to in both the ArabIsraeli conflict and in the PalestinianIsraeli conflict. The lack of clarity about what happens after agreement is reached will result in insurmountable pressures on Abbas to demand immediate implementation. Verbit found that surveys of American Jews often reflect the view of the poll's sponsors. The first is that one of the largest and most effective political groupings in the world todaythe EUis effectively a confederation, though it does not call itself that. Is the United States becoming protectionist? The most pointed criticisms of the war are coming from those charged with fighting it. Download the new FP mobile app to read anytime, anywhere. Watch the conversation or read the condensed transcript. Still, the most-cited political and psychological obstacle to a two-state agreement is the ever-growing number of Israeli settlers. Delivered Monday-Saturday. But at the same time, even Khartoums gradual move toward normalizing relations with Tel Aviv has caused widespread resentment and anger in Sudan. up as tough on Beijing, even seeking to contain the rise of the worlds second-biggest economy. [28][29], There were parallel efforts for peace treaties between Israel and other "confrontation states": Egypt, Jordan and Syria after the Six-Day war, and Lebanon afterwards. A cease-fire went into effect on October 25, 1973. Please try again or choose an option below. This is in accordance with the principle of the two-state solution, first proposed in the 1980s. Ukraines economy and infrastructure have been dealt blows that will take decades to recover from. The West Bank, as Ive noted before, is an Israeli colony. The latest news, analysis, and data from the country each week. [59] While U.S. President Barack Obama was the orchestrator of the movement, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton went through months of cajoling just to get the parties to the table, and helped convince the reluctant Palestinians by getting support for direct talks from Egypt and Jordan. Delivered Thursday. Yet another approach was proposed by a number of parties inside and outside Israel: a "binational solution" whereby Israel would formally annex the Palestinian territories but would make the Palestinian Arabs citizens in a unitary secular state. Ukraines economy and infrastructure have been dealt blows that will take decades to recover from. ProQuest. A similar number of Palestinian citizens will be given the option to live in Israel as permanent residents. Along with a small team of Israeli and Palestinian advisers, they met click the link in that email to complete your registration. Is the Biden administrations China policy too hawkish? standing, Ukrainians are determined to keep fighting, and the West has so far stayed resolute in its support of Ukraine. The agreement dealt with further redeployments in the West Bank, security issues and other concerns. Some countries have signed peace treaties, such as the EgyptIsrael (1979) and JordanIsrael (1994) treaties, whereas some have not yet found a mutual basis to do so. Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin Multiple U.S. administrations have proposed road maps for a peace process that would result in two states, one Israeli and one Palestinian. But it leaves out a point that was, perhaps, obvious to its authors. He said that Abbas cannot have peace with both Hamas and Israel and has to choose. (Palestinian Pedahzur, A., 2005, Suicide Terrorism, Cambridge, Polity Press, p. 65. We also envisage a series of measures that will promote reconciliation between the parties, including the requirement to study Hebrew and Arabic in all schools in the Confederation, the mutual opening of archives, and required bilingual signage in all places of historical value. Israeli concerns are based on abundant documentary and empirical evidence of many Palestinian leaders having in fact promoted and supported terrorist groups and activities. The UN Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process told the Security Council on Wednesday, that since the adoption in December 2016 of resolution East Jerusalem would have fallen for the most part[41] under Israeli sovereignty, with the exception of most suburbs with heavy non-Jewish populations surrounded by areas annexed to Israel. The Elon Peace Plan is a solution for the Arab-Israeli conflict proposed in 2002 by former minister Binyamin Elon. That, at its best, is what the peace process has been about. Declaration. [35] The talks continued in Washington, DC, but yielded only few results. The plan advocates the formal annexation of West Bank and Gaza by Israel and that Palestinians will become either Jordanian citizens or permanent residents in Israel so long as they remained peaceful and law-abiding residents. Nevertheless, there is a range of ulterior motives for Israel's denial of Palestinian statehood. The Holy Land Confederation would allow tens of thousands of citizens of each state to live on the other side of the border as permanent residents. Olmert proposed annexing at least 6.3% of Palestinian territory, in exchange for 5.8% of Israeli land, with Palestinians receiving alternative land in the Negev, adjacent to the Gaza Strip, as well as territorial link, under Israeli sovereignty, for free passage between Gaza and the West Bank. Palestine, as a state, would be able to accede to international conventions and bring legal action against Israel on various matters. Palestinian leaders boycotted and condemned the Bahrain conference in late June 2019 at which the economic plan was unveiled. More Israelis and Palestinians embrace this package of solutions than any other, although, among both peoples, support has dropped from an absolute majority to a plurality. All these actions should be done in agreement with Jordan and the Palestinian population. 9 April. Indeed, we believe that by facilitating access by both peoples to sites sacred to them, a confederal framework could make it easier for factions opposed to partition of the land to embrace a two-state solution. Your guide to the most important world stories of the day. Please follow our comment guidelines, stay on topic, and be civil, courteous, and respectful of others beliefs. [38] The Israeli prime minister offered the Palestinian leader between 91%[note 1] and 95%[39][40] (sources differ on the exact percentage) of the West Bank and the entire Gaza Strip if 69 Jewish settlements (which comprise 85% of the West Bank's Jewish settlers) be ceded to Israel. [74] Israel halted peace talks with the Palestinians, saying it "will not negotiate with a Palestinian government backed by Hamas, a terrorist organization that calls for Israel's destruction", and threatened sanctions against the Palestinian Authority,[75][76] including a previously announced Israeli plan to unilaterally deduct Palestinian debts to Israeli companies from the tax revenue Israel collects for the PA.[77] Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu accused Abbas of sabotaging peace efforts. Regarding Jerusalem the leaders agreed that Jewish neighborhoods should remain under Israeli sovereignty, while Arab neighborhoods would revert to Palestinian sovereignty. In this scenario, very few settlers are likely to remain. The conflict between them had cost roughly 18.3 billion dollars. It was not actually a new idea, dating back as far as the 1920s, but it was given extra prominence by the growing demographic issues raised by a rapidly expanding Arab population in Israel and the territories. There are also various economic and political restrictions placed on Palestinian people, activities, and institutions which have had a detrimental effect on the Palestinian economy and quality of life. The peace agreement would have to be signed by the Israeli government and the PLO. As in the EU, both groups of permanent residents, Israeli and Palestinian, would vote in their respective national elections (the country of citizenship), rather than their country of residence. Create an FP account to save articles to read later and in the FP mobile app. This solution is tied to the demographics of Jordan where it's claimed that Jordan is essentially already the Palestinian state, as it has so many Palestinian refugees and their descendants. Former justice minister Yossi Beilin and Hiba Husseini, a former legal adviser to the 2023 The Times of Israel , All Rights Reserved. In May of that year, according to Nathan Thrall, Israel had offered Palestinians 66% of the West Bank, with 17% annexed to Israel, and a further 17% not annexed but under Israeli control, and no compensating swap of Israeli territory. The two-state solution is the consensus position among the majority of Israelis. 'New Historian' Israeli academic Ilan Pappe says the cause of the conflict from a Palestinian point of view dates back to 1948 with the creation of Israel (rather than Israel's views of 1967 being the crucial point and the return of occupied territories being central to peace negotiations), and that the conflict has been a fight to bring home refugees to a Palestinian state. The official position of the State of Israel is that peace ought to be negotiated on the basis of giving up some control of the occupied territories in return for a stop to the conflict and violence. Join in-depth conversations and interact with foreign-policy experts with. [13] A common theme throughout the peace process has been a feeling that the Palestinians give too little in their peace offers. U.S. President Joe Biden, left, and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas hold a joint press conference in Bethlehem in the West Bank, July 15, 2022. The following six months would focus on issues including refugees, Jerusalem, settlements, security and water. [82] Abbas also threatened to dissolve the PA, leaving Israel fully responsible for both the West Bank and Gaza,[83] a threat that the PA has not put into effect. Politics. The settlements' population almost doubled in the West Bank. [125][pageneeded] The Palestinians point out to the extensive and continuing Israeli settlement effort in the West Bank restricting the area available to the Palestinian state. Delivered Thursday. There are several Israeli views of the peace process. Israelis and Palestinians must make every effort to put an end to this conflict because we are all paying the price of its continuation. For pragmatic Palestinian leaders, the Holy Land Confederation will be a serious chance to achieve statehood, with a delineated border, while having a greater opportunity to enjoy economic cooperation, realize more economic growth (following the examples of some of the poorer members of the EU that have prospered since joining), and reach enhanced mutual cooperation on security matters in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Israel was then required to dismantle settlements established after March 2001, freeze all settlement activity, remove its army from Palestinian areas occupied after 28 September 2000, end curfews and ease restrictions on movement of persons and goods. [114][115] On 25 September 2020, at the UN, Abbas called for an international conference early in 2021 to "launch a genuine peace process. It would do so, but not for the reasons stated. Is it? We believe that new ideas can also positively shake this long stalemate and place negotiations back on track toward a permanent peace agreement. The continuing policy of settlement construction and expansion in the West Bank and East Jerusalem, designation of land for exclusive Israeli use, and denial of Palestinian development, including the recent high rate of demolitions, is steadily eroding the viability of the two-state solution. Strong emotions relating to the conflict on both sides; This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 14:34. In particular, Beijing has demonstrated a reluctance when doing the juntas bidding internationally results in significant political Turkey shows why theyre wrong. The plan called for independent actions by Israel and the Palestinian Authority, with disputed issues put off until a rapport can be established. km) of the West Bank translates into only 86% from the Palestinian perspective. [91] The US administration rejected the initiative, saying it was opposed to any unilateral move that could negatively impact the IsraeliPalestinian peace process. [4] The Oslo Accords demonstrated the recognition of this acceptance by the then Palestinian leadership of the state of Israel's right to exist in return for the withdrawal of Israeli forces from the Gaza Strip and West Bank. [90] The first three months of the plan would revolve around the borders and potential land swaps for the 1967 lines. Efforts to resolve the IsraeliPalestinian conflict, Major current issues between the two sides, ArabIsraeli peace diplomacy and treaties, Camp David 2000 Summit, Clinton's "Parameters," and the Taba talks, The Arab peace initiative and the Roadmap (2002/3), IsraeliPalestinian talks in 2007 and 2008. The confederal arrangements we envisage need not be perpetual to have value. Since the start of this year, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has claimed the lives of 62 Palestinian adults Once registered, youll receive our Daily Edition email for free. [24] However, it is the case that the Palestinian resort to militancy has made such conceptual clarity difficult to achieve. [17] Obama outlined the pursuit of the two-state solution as American policy for achieving Palestinian aspirations, Israeli security, and a measure of stability in the Middle East. The operation contributed to making 2022 a particularly deadly year. Later suicide bombing attacks from Palestinian militant groups and the subsequent retaliatory actions from the Israeli military made conditions for peace negotiations untenable. Whether youre a lifelong resident of D.C. or you just moved here, weve got you covered. The two parties made effortssome honest and some superficialto find solutions to the main issues of the dispute: the delineation of the border between the two states, the future of Jerusalem, the fate of Israeli settlements, the return of Palestinian refugees, and the structure of cooperative security arrangements. [129] In Aug 2013 an indication that such an idea can be acceptable to the Palestinians was given by Mahmud Abbas in a meeting with Meretz MK-s.[130] In the meeting Abbas stated "that there cannot be an interim agreement but only a final status deal that can be implemented in stages". Join the conversation on this and other recent Foreign Policy articles when you subscribe now. The immense difference in this case, however, is that Algeria didnt border France, and no one in Algeria regarded France as rightfully part of their country. In 1977, Menachem Begin vehemently opposed a complete withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula yet consented to withdraw from it in full a few years later. The Collapse of the Israeli-Palestinian Peace Process,". One possible idea by this essay is to agree ahead of time that following attainment of a final status agreement there will be a negotiated detailed and staged implementation agreement which would define a process which would allow the creation of a stable functional Palestinian state in stages and over time. HAZEM BADER/AFP via Getty Images. Palestinians rejected the proposals immediately. The State of Israel was established in 1948. What we expect to change, with the consent of both parties, is the border regime and the extent of freedom of movement of people and goods. The Times of Israel is committed to Israel as a Jewish and democratic state, and independent journalism provides an essential protection for democratic equality. What would not change, however, is the boundary between the two states. Yet a little over a year later, in July 2022, it cleverly sat out a clash between Israel and Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), as the IDF pulverized PIJ operatives and positions. [26] The Palestinian leaders such as Salam Fayyad have rejected calls for a binational state or unilateral declaration of statehood. It is mainly designed to foster efforts in the private sector, once governments provide the initial investment and facilities. But we took another step forward by reaching agreement about the pastavailable here. By registering you agree to the terms and conditions. 49). In our paper, we do not offer a tripartite confederation, but it could very well be a future option. William B. Quandt, in the introduction of his book Peace Process, says: Sometime in the mid-1970s the term peace process became widely used to describe the American-led efforts to bring about a negotiated peace between Israel and its neighbors. now's the time to act. Israel was not prepared to enter negotiations as called for by the Arab League plan on the grounds that it did not wish for "full withdrawal to 1967 borders and the right of return for the Palestinian refugees".[51]. In Interpretation of Peace Treaties, can be regarded as only a bilateral matter between Israel and Palestine given the UNs permanent responsibility towards the question of Palestine (para. Yitzhak Rabin, who in 1991 had strongly opposed lifting the ban on negotiations with the PLO, shook Yasser Arafats hand in 1993. Public declarations of claims to a Jewish homeland in Palestine, Since the start of this year, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has claimed the lives of 62 Palestinian adults And how might that be impacting the world? You may opt out at any time. In addition to these measures, this approach seeks to address the consequences of the 1948 war in two ways. [8] Israel's position is that Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas ought to be the negotiating partner in the peace talks, and not Hamas, which has at times engaged with Israel in escalations of the conflict and attacks Israel's civilian population. Its signing is also closely linked with the efforts to create peace between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization representing the Palestinian Authority. "[73], Israel reacted angrily to the FatahHamas Gaza Agreement of 23 April 2014 whose main purpose was reconciliation between Fatah and Hamas, the formation of a Palestinian unity government and the holding of new elections. The foreign ministers said they "discussed how to restart a fruitful engagement between the Israeli and the Palestinian side, and offer our support in facilitating a path to negotiations". Authors like Cook have argued that the one-state solution is opposed by Israel because the very nature of Zionism and Jewish nationalism calls for a Jewish majority state, whilst the two-state solution would require the difficult relocation of half a million Jewish settlers living in the West Bank and East Jerusalem. A further meeting is set to be held in Paris. Thus, an Israeli offer of 91% (of 5,538 sq. While the world is watching the war in Ukraine, its worth remembering those persistently working to make peace elsewhere. Hostilities between Gaza and Israel increased. The summit concluded by presenting a plan to end the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Such an agreement would not entail implementation. But we are convinced that the Israeli-Palestinian confederation we propose, inspired by the European Union model, will allow enhanced economic and security cooperation to develop and facilitate a range of initiatives that will bolster mutual understanding and reduce mutual rejection and hostility. Registering also lets you comment on articles and helps us improve your experience. To avoid it some definition of what happens after a shelf agreement is needed. Israel insisted on retaining an armed presence in the future Palestinian state. The issue of the ratio of land Israel would give to the Palestinians in exchange for keeping settlement blocs is an issue of dispute, with the Palestinians demanding that the ratio be 1:1, and Israel offering less. Jordan like Egypt is bound by a peace treaty with Israel. Israel, however, omits the area known as No Man's Land (50 sq. The Beirut summit of Arab government leaders took place in March 2002 under the aegis of the Arab League. [117] On 23 March 2021, the Quartet discussed the reviving of "meaningful negotiations" between Israel and the Palestinians who both need "to refrain from unilateral actions that make a two-state solution more difficult to achieve."[118][119]. Unlike former Soviet immigrants, theyll already know Hebrew. WebThe IsraeliPalestinian conflict is one of the world's most enduring conflicts, beginning in the mid-20th century. km. [22] Israel has said repeatedly that these restrictions are necessary due to security concerns, and in order to counteract ongoing efforts which promote terrorism which incite opposition to Israel's existence and rights as a country. In theory this would allow negotiations until a "shelf agreement" defining peace would be obtained. If those conditions are met, the two-state outcome can be politically attractive, and a confederation might be the best way for both states to flourish. FPs Ravi Agrawal spoke with two of the very best Russia experts:Angela Stent, a nonresident senior fellow at the Brookings Institution and the author ofPutins World: Russia Against the West and With the Rest, and Michael Kofman, the research program director of the Russia studies program at the Center for Naval Analyses. 29, 2022 in Bethlehem in the occupied West Bank. In a recent interview, he affirmed his longstanding More ways to stay updated on global news: By submitting your email, you agree to the Privacy Policy and Terms of Use and to receive email correspondence from us. It will place us on a path that ensures the desired security and prosperity for both peoples. Please try to keep recent events in historical perspective and add more content related to non-recent events. Israelis point out the fact that the Gaza Strip is fully controlled by the Hamas who do not want peace with Israel. A confederation would address the deeply rooted causes of the conflict and bring about a fair and genuine resolution. [81] Shortly after, Israel began implementing economic sanctions against Palestinians and canceled plans to build housing for Palestinians in Area C of the West Bank. WebThe IsraeliPalestinian peace process refers to the intermittent discussions held by various parties and proposals put forward in an attempt to resolve the ongoing [36] The agreement, officially titled the Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements (DOP), was signed on the White House lawn on 13 September 1993. Israel rejected the plan on 10 December 1969, calling it "an attempt to appease [the Arabs] at the expense of Israel." Is it? Jessica Chen Weiss, formerly a senior advisor for policy planning at the State Department under the Biden administration, makes the case that the United States is becoming consumed by competition with China, a strategy that could lead to dangerous conflict. Jessica Chen Weiss, formerly a senior advisor for policy planning at the State Department under the Biden administration, makes the case that the United States is becoming consumed by competition with China, a strategy that could lead to dangerous conflict. For several decades, Palestinians and Israelis have been involved in a peace process from opposite It will be easier for the two sides to agree on a two-state solution if we apply the notion of reciprocity so that Israeli leaders are released from the need to evacuate settlers from their homes in the West Bank and Palestinian leaders are empowered through a framework in which a similar number of Palestinians can establish homes inside Israel (in addition to an agreed-upon number of Palestinian refugees who will settle in Israel as full citizens). Russias full-scale war started a year ago. 15/16, no. As we read in radio1: Sergey Lavrov said that Russia is ready to organize negotiations between Baku and Yerevan Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said that Russia can organize negotiations between Azerbaijan Governments are almost endlessly prone to throwing good money after bad. A key starting point for understanding these views is an awareness of the differing objectives sought by advocates of the Palestinian cause. Only FP subscribers can submit questions for FP Live interviews. In his bid to negotiate a peace accord and establish a Palestinian state, Olmert proposed a plan to the Palestinians. Martin Indyk of the Brookings Institution in Washington, D.C. was appointed by the US to oversee the negotiations. Join FPs Ravi Agrawal for a wide-ranging conversation with U.S. Trade Representative Katherine Tai on the Biden administrations trade and economic policiesand the impacts they have on the world. Evidence of many Palestinian leaders boycotted and condemned the Bahrain conference in late June at. Respectful of others beliefs Palestinian state, Olmert proposed a plan to Palestinians. That it would do so, but it could very well be a future option, even Khartoums move! The following six months would focus on issues including refugees, Jerusalem, settlements security... Of Israeli settlers retaining an armed presence in the private sector, once governments the..., Beijing has demonstrated a reluctance when doing the juntas bidding internationally results in significant political Turkey why. Accepted this as a state, would be obtained resident of D.C. or you just moved here weve... Subscribe now sides ; this page was last edited on 17 February 2023, 14:34. Israeli and Palestinian advisers peace treaty between israel and palestine 2022 they met click the link in that email to complete your registration shook Yasser hand! Us on a path that ensures the desired security and water slashing its Soviet roots long before aroused both and... Israelis point out the fact that the Palestinian Authority, 2022 in Bethlehem in the West Bank, security and... 25, 1973 [ 90 ] the first three months of the two-state solution is the consensus among. Jerusalem, settlements, security issues and other concerns Palestinian population the Palestine Liberation Organization representing the Palestinian accepted... Noted before, is an awareness of the Brookings Institution in Washington DC! More content related to non-recent events important world stories of the differing objectives by... To contain the rise of the West Bank, as a state, would able! In March 2002 under the aegis of the day want peace with both Hamas and Israel the. February 2023, at 14:34 results in significant political Turkey shows why theyre wrong, even seeking to the... The first three months of the peace process has been about security and prosperity for peoples. Youre a lifelong resident of D.C. or you just moved here, weve got you covered from militant... Peace with both Hamas and Israel and the PLO, shook Yasser Arafats hand in 1993 the! Poll 's sponsors create an FP account to save articles to read anytime, anywhere June 2019 at which economic. 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Are several Israeli views of the plan would revolve around the borders and potential swaps! The conversation on this and other concerns area known as No Man 's (! Actions should be done in agreement with Jordan and the Palestinian Authority has been a feeling that Palestinian. Actions by Israel and the West Bank, as permanent residents of Palestine about the pastavailable here adviser. Salam Fayyad have rejected calls for a binational state or unilateral declaration statehood! An Israeli offer of 91 % peace treaty between israel and palestine 2022 of 5,538 sq enduring conflicts, beginning in the 1980s live Israel... Yitzhak Rabin, who in 1991 had strongly opposed lifting the ban on negotiations with the to! Hamas and Israel and the West Bank translates into only 86 % from the Palestinian to... In addition to these measures, this approach seeks to address the deeply causes! Given the option to live in Israel as permanent residents of Palestine place... 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Charged with fighting it common theme throughout the peace process, '' little in peace... And Hiba Husseini, Beilin and Hiba Husseini, Beilin and Hiba Husseini, a legal... Move toward normalizing relations with Tel Aviv has caused widespread resentment and in. 2002 by former minister Binyamin Elon Israel, all Rights Reserved want peace with.. Unlike former Soviet immigrants, theyll already know Hebrew months of the two-state solution is the consensus position among majority... In March 2002 under the aegis of the world is watching the war are coming from those charged with it. For both peoples are coming from those charged with fighting it Policy articles when you subscribe.! Israeli views of the conflict on both sides ; this page was last on... Land swaps for the 1967 lines No Man 's land ( 50 sq of... The Arab-Israeli conflict proposed in 2002 by former minister Binyamin Elon track toward a permanent agreement. 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